What are the signs and symptoms of pre-diabetes?
Pre-diabetes, in general, is not connected with any specific symptoms. Diabetes is defined as having a fasting blood sugar level of more than 126 mg/dl. Another category has been found and is known as having impaired fasting glucose or pre-diabetes. These persons had fasting blood sugar levels ranging from 110 to 125mg/dl. The biggest worry with this group is that they have a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes than the general population. The exact percentage rise varies based on ethnicity, weight, and other factors. However, regardless of absolute numbers, it is much greater. However, there may be signs of difficulties with blood sugar metabolism years before the onset of overt diabetes. Endocrinologists are now frequently looking at these signs in individuals who are at high risk of acquiring diabetes.
Premenstrual syndrome and irregular menstruation
The extension of the menstrual cycle has been linked to an increased risk of diabetes, particularly in obese women. A national survey of nurses found that those who cycled every 26 to 31 days were twice as likely to acquire diabetes as those who cycled every 26 to 40 days. The link is likely to be connected to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is also linked to insulin resistance. Insulin resistance might be a risk factor for type 2 diabetes.
Dangers of type 2 diabetes
Endothelial dysfunction (abnormal reaction of the inner lining of blood vessels) and retinal artery constriction are two more risk factors for diabetes development (narrowing of the tiny blood vessels in the back of the eye).
Markers of inflammation
The function of inflammation in disease development is a hotly debated topic. For example, we have begun to recognize the significance of inflammation in heart disease. We now know that inflammation may also play a role in the development of diabetes. C-reactive protein (CRP), an inflammation marker, has been shown to be elevated in women at risk of developing the metabolic syndrome and in both men and women at risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
Recent research has revealed changes in the blood levels of a variety of inflammatory indicators when a person progresses from no illness to pre-diabetes, and finally to full-blown diabetes. Some study emphasizes the significance of inflammation in the development of diabetes. Exercise also helps people with type 2 diabetes improve their blood glucose levels by increasing insulin sensitivity and the body’s ability to use glucose as energy.
